On May 12, 2026, the Department of Health and Human Services, through its Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), published a notice in the Federal Register. This notice announces a public comment period for two integral information collection requests under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA). The public has until June 11, 2026, to provide feedback on these data collections, which are vital for CMS's oversight of Medicare Advantage (MA) and Prescription Drug Plans (PDPs). This process underscores the federal government's commitment to transparent governance and effective program administration.
The Role of the Paperwork Reduction Act
The Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) serves as a critical mechanism for federal agencies. It requires them to obtain public and Office of Management and Budget (OMB) approval before collecting information from the public. The PRA's intent is to ensure that federal information collections are necessary, serve a practical utility, and do not impose an undue burden on respondents. The current notice provides a second opportunity for public comment, allowing affected parties to critically assess the proposed collections' necessity, utility, accuracy of burden estimates, and potential for technological improvements. This public input is crucial for balancing regulatory needs with administrative efficiency.
Medical Loss Ratio Reporting (CMS-10476)
One of the information collections for which CMS is seeking an extension is the Medical Loss Ratio (MLR) for Medicare Advantage (MA) Plans and Prescription Drug Plans (PDPs), identified as CMS-10476. The mandate for this reporting stems from the Social Security Act, specifically sections 1857(e)(4) and 1860D-12, as well as implementing regulations at 42 CFR part 422, subpart X, and part 423, subpart X. These provisions establish an 85 percent minimum MLR requirement. This means that MA organizations and Part D sponsors must spend at least 85 percent of their total revenue from premiums on healthcare services and quality improvement activities, rather than on administrative costs or profits. This requirement is a cornerstone of financial accountability within the MA and Part D programs.
CMS utilizes the submitted MLR data to verify compliance with this statutory standard. Failure to meet the 85 percent minimum can trigger significant sanctions for plans. These include the remittance of funds to CMS, a prohibition on enrolling new members, and in severe or persistent cases, even contract termination. This annual reporting mechanism from 660 respondents, including both for-profit and not-for-profit institutions, accounts for a substantial 40,356 total annual hours, reflecting the detail and importance of this financial oversight.
Medicare Advantage Appeals and Grievance Data (CMS-R-282)
The second information collection undergoing a public comment period is the Medicare Advantage Appeals and Grievance Data Form, identified as CMS-R-282. This collection focuses on transparency and disclosure requirements for MA organizations. Section 1852(c)(2)(C) of the Social Security Act and 42 CFR 422.111(c)(3) mandate that MA organizations must annually provide each enrollee with information about disputes and their dispositions. Furthermore, upon request, any individual eligible to elect an MA organization can receive this crucial data. This requirement extends to Medicare demonstrations that conform to MA appeals regulations, collectively referred to as MA plans.
This data collection helps CMS ensure that MA plans are transparent about their grievance and appeals processes, which are prescribed under 42 CFR part 422, subpart M. Such transparency is vital for beneficiaries to understand their rights and the various avenues available for resolving disputes regarding their coverage or care. Collected semi-annually from 932 private sector respondents, including both for-profit and not-for-profit institutions, this collection involves 6,252 total annual hours and generates 67,432 total annual responses. This extensive data ensures robust oversight of beneficiary protections.
Implications for Stakeholders
These information collection extensions carry significant implications for various stakeholders within the Medicare ecosystem. For MA and Part D plans, the collections represent a continuous compliance burden, but also provide a structured framework for demonstrating accountability. Meeting MLR standards ensures that plans deliver value to both beneficiaries and CMS. Similarly, robust and transparent appeals and grievance processes are essential for beneficiary satisfaction and ongoing regulatory adherence.
For Medicare beneficiaries, these data collections indirectly but profoundly benefit them by promoting financial accountability and transparency in dispute resolution. The MLR ensures that plans prioritize healthcare spending over administrative costs. The appeals data allows for informed decision-making when choosing a plan and provides critical recourse if issues arise. For policymakers and regulators, the data gathered is indispensable for monitoring the MA and Part D markets. It enables CMS to identify emerging trends, assess program performance, and refine regulatory frameworks to better protect consumers and maintain program integrity.
